01 mysql 手动搭建

mysql 5.7 手动搭建¶

1、解决环境依赖，确保当前服务器上只存在一个mysql,多余的服务卸载

$ apt update 
$ apt upgrade 
$ apt autoremove --purge mysql-server-* mysql-common
$ rm -rf /var/lib/mysql /etc/mysql

2、安装mysql 运行时所需要的依赖环境

$ apt update 
$ apt install libncurses5 libaio1 libtinfo5 -y

3、开始安装mysql,手动下载安装包，并解压mysql

$ cd /usr/local 
$ wget https://cdn.mysql.com/archives/mysql-5.7/mysql-5.7.35-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
$ tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.35-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz && mv mysql-5.7.35-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql

4、创建mysql 用户，用于运行mysql

$ groupadd mysql
## 不允许mysql 用户进入shell
$ useradd -r -g mysql -s /bin/false mysql
$ chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql
$ chmod -R 755 /usr/local/mysql

5、启动 mysql 服务初始化

$ cd /usr/local/mysql/bin && ./mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

6、创建mysql 启动参数文件 my.cnf

## /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
server-id=1
log_bin=mysql-bin
binlog_format=row
sync_binlog = 1
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
port=3306
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
symbolic-links=0
[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mysql/error.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysql/mysql.pid

$ chown mysql.mysql my.cnf

7、创建日志目录

$ mkdir /var/log/mysql && chown -R mysql:mysql /var/log/mysql

8 、启动mysql 并手动执行初始化,记录并使用初始化密码

$ /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server start

## 初始化化密码
$ mysql -uroot -p
 > ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'password';
 > GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'password' WITH GRANT OPTION;

9、使用 systemd 进行管理mysql 进程

### vim /etc/systemd/system/mysql.service

[Unit]
Description=MySQL Server
After=network.target

[Service]
User=mysql
Group=mysql
ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
Restart=always

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

$ systemctl daemon-reload
$ reboot